Ptjxp-bleachiltg apparatus



H. E. ELLIS.

PULP BLEACHING APPARATUS. APPLICATION men MAR. 12. I920.

Patented Apr. 19, 1921.

-H. E. ELLIS. PULP BLEACHING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I2, 1920- 1,375,285, Patented Apr. 19, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- H. E. ELLIS.

PUL P BLEACHING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12, 1920.

1,375,285. Patented Apr. 19, 1921.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H. E. ELLIS.

PULP BLEACHING APPARATUS.

1,375,285. APPLICATION FILED MAR. I2. I920 Patented 19 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES PATENT: OFFICE.

Emmi ELLWoOD ELLIS, or LEESBIQJRG, FLORIDA.

. PULB-BLEAGHING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apl, 19, 1921.

Application filed March 12, 1920. SerialNo. 365,249.

T-oall wlwmz't mag concemr .Be it known that'I, HARRY E..ELLIS, a citizen of the United. States, residing at Leesburg, in the county of Lake, State of Florida, have invented a new and useful Pulp-Bleaching Apparatus; andl do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and

, exact description, of the invention, such as v -cess, wherein the bleaching is done by subwaste of fiber which results from the usev ofwill enable others skilled in'the artto which it appertains to. make and use the same.

The inventiourelates to processes and apparatus for bleaching various kinds of pulp and has for its object to provide a projecting the pulp to the action of chlorin gas so that substantially all of theraw material will be bleached, thereby obviating the chlorid of lime which is at present commonly used for bleaching purposes. Also to provide an apparatus wherein chlorin gas may be utilized for bleaching pulp so that all T kinds of pulp may be bleached which is not the case where chlorid of lime is used, for

instance the bleaching of straw pulp which cannot be bleached by chlorid of lime.

'A further object is to provide a bleaching apparatus wherein chlorin gas may be utilized for bleaching, said apparatus comprising a series of continuously moving conveyers superimposed in an air-tight chamber and so operated that the thin layer of pulp deposited on the upper conveyer will be conveyed and deposited on the adjacent under conveyer and eventually discharged from the chamber, wherein'it has been subj ected for bleaching action of chlorin gas.

A further object is to provide hoppers transversely disposed over'one end of the upper conveyer and provided with feeding worms which regulate the feeding'of' the material onto said upper'conveyer. Alsoto provide'hoppers at the discharge end of the "lower conveyor into which the bleached material is deposited and fed outwardly from the hoppers by rotating worms and deposited on a conveyor which may lead to a washer, said worms not only serving the function of uniformly-feeding the material but also providing means whereby a certain.

amount of material will be held in the discharge ends of-the feeding hoppers and in the discharge'end of the discharge hoppers so as to form sealing means for preventing the escape of chlorin gas during the operation. of the apparatus.

A further object is to provide means whereby chlorin gas may be forced into the air-tight chamber and removed therefrom as desired.

A further object is to provide means whereby the conveyers, the worm feeds, the washer delivery conveyer and the chlorin gas controlling fan may be operated from a single source of power.

A further object is to provide a bleaching apparatus wherein the material is deposited v and conveyed over a series of conveyers, said material being in a thin sheet so that the chlorin gases contained in an air-tight chamber in which conveyers are located may thoroughly penetrate the material to be bleachedand to provide means whereby said conveyers may be stopped so-as to subject the fibrous material thereon to a longer treatment of the materialor a noncontinuous treatment as desired.

A further object is to provide the feeding hoppers and the discharge hoppers with valves whereby'the feeding of material onto the conveyers and the discharge of the mate- 'rial fromjthe discharge hoppers may be controlled and regulated. v

A further object is to provide means for controlling the supply of chlorin gas to the bleaching chamber, and also means of controlling the discharge of said-gas from said chamber. With the above and other objects in View the invention resides in the combination and Y arrangement of parts" as hereinafter set forth, shown in the drawings, described and claimed, it being understood that change-sin the precise embodiment of the invention may be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit 'of'the invention.

the supporting rollers for the load side of the conveyer belt.

'- treatment, thereby allowing a' continuous Fig. 6 is a detail view similar to Fig. .but showing a supporting bracket for the roller of a different form from that shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a detail VleW of one of the belt tightening devlces.

Fig. 8 is a detail perspective view of the adjacent ends of two of the conveyers, showing one of the guide plates for directing the material from one conveyer to the other. I

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates a rectangular shaped gas chamher, into which chamber chlorin gas isforced for bleaching the pulp. The mater al to be bleached is conveyed upwardly by means of a 'conveyer'2, the upper end of which is disposed between the frames 3 in such a positionthat the material will be deposited in the transversely disposed feed hoppers.

The feed hopper 4 is provided with clownwardly extending cylindrical portions 5 the lower ends of which are provided with cut 1 off valves 6, so that the feeding of the material may be stopped and the escape of chlorin gas from the chamber 1 prevented when the chamber is being filled with gas.

7 Rotatably mounted in bearings 7 of the frame 3 are shafts, the lower ends of said shafts being provided with feed worms 9,

which are disposed in the cylindrical portions 5 of the hopper. Feed worms 9 when rotated, and when the cutoff valves are open feed the material onto the upper con- Veyer 10 so that the material will spread on the conveyer 10 uniformly thereby allowing a uniform bleaching of the material in its travel through the bleaching apparatus. The worms 9 also form means for maintalning and holding a portion of the material in the cylindrical portion 5 so that when the machine is started and the cutoff valves 6 opened the material held in the cylindrical portions 5 will form a seal for preventing the escape of chlorin gas from the chamber 1. Shafts 8 at their upper ends are provided with bevel gears 11, which bevel gears have meshing therewith bevel gears 12 carried by a transversely disposed shaft 13 which is rotatably mounted in bearings 14 of the frame. One end of the shaft 13 is provided with a pulley 15 and around the pulley 15 and a pulley 16 carried by an idle shaft 17 a belt 18 extends. The idle shaft 17 is provided with a drive pulley 18 which drive pulley 18 is driven by a belt 19 which extends around the drive pulley 1 8 and a pulley 20 of an engine 21, which engine end of their shafts 27 provided with gears 28, which gears are rotated by means of worm gears29 carried by a vertical shaft 30. The vertical shaft 30 is rotatabfly mounted in bearings 31 and 32. Rotary movement is imparted to the shaft 30 through a bevel gear 33, which is secured to the lower end thereof and with which bevel gear a bevel gear 34 meshes. The bevel gear 34 in turn being rotated by a shaft 35 which is mounted in bearings 36 carried by.

brackets 37 secured to the floor adjacent the apparatus. Rotary movement is imparted to the shaft 35 by means of a belt 40 which extends around a pulley 41 carried by the shaft 35 and a pulley 42 carried by the idle shaft 17. Thus it will be seen that as the shaft 17 rotates so as to .drive the belt 40 in the direction of the arrow I) Fig. 1 that the conveyors operated by the rollers 22 and 22 will be rotated in the direction of the arrows ct as shown in Fig. 2. Interposed between the conveyer belts 10 and 26 is a conveyer belt, which belt extends around rollers 44 and 45, roller 45 being carried by adjustable bearings 46 so that the slack in the belt may be taken up as desired. The conveyer belt 43 operates in. the directions of the arrows 0 Fig. 2, through mechanism hereinafter described. All of the conveyer ielts are supported by rollers 47 so that they will be held in substantial horizontal plane as they move in conveying the ma terial during the bleaching operation'longitudin-ally in a zig zag course from one end of the chamber 1 to the other so that it will be subjected to theaction of the chlorin gas and be bleached and finally dumped into a series of transversely disposed hoppers 48 adjacent the discharge end of the lower eonveyer 26. Plates 49 which are inclined are provided adjacent the discharge ends of the conveyors so that the material will be guided from one conveyer to the other as it passes over the zig zag course through the bleach ing chamber. Plates 49 also form means for preventing the material as it is deposited on the adjacent lower conveyer belt from being projected beyond the receiving end of the adjacent lower conveyer. The conveyer belt 43 is driven by means of the shaft 50 car ried by the. conveyer roller 44, the end of the shaft 50 being provided with a gear 51,

with which gear 51 a worm 52 engages.

Worm 52 iscarried by a vertically disposed shaft 53,'which shaft is rotatably mounted in bearings 54. Secured to the lower end of 25 I 48. Rotata blymounted in the cylindrical the shaft 53 is a bevel gear 55, with which bevel gear a bevel gear 56 carried bya shaft 57 meshesr :Shaft'57 isrotatably mounted 1 in bearings and is provided witha pulley. 5'8,-aroundcwhich pulley 58. and around a pulley 59 a belt60 passes so that. as the shaft .17 is rotated by the engine 21, the belt 60 will operate the shaft-1157 and cause the intermediate conveyer belt-43 to move .in

.the direction of the arrows 0,.Fig.. 2;

The material after it leaves the conveyer F126 is deposited in the transverselyidisposed discharge hoppers 48, which. hoppers are provided with downwardly extending cylindrical. portions 61, the'dischargeends of which are controlled by 'cutoftxvalves 62. The cylindrical portions 61 are: disposed V above aconveyer 63which conveyer delivers I the bleached material to a washer or to'any place of deposit. Conveyer 63 is operated by any suitable mechanism. *An inclined plate 64 is provided under the discharge ends of the cylindrical portions 61 so. that "the bleached material'will be guided onto a conveyer 63as it leaves thedischarge hoppers portion 61 of the discharge hoppers" are and have their upper ends provided with with'bevel gears 69 which arecarried by a .shaft70, which shaft 7 0 is 'rotatably mounted in bearings7 1 of the frame andis rotated by means of a pulley 72,'around which pulley and a pulley 73 carried by the idle shaft 17, a belt 74 extends. 'Thus'it willbe seen [that power from the engine 21 isutilizedfor I pipe 76 of which is connected witha gas .ometer (not. shown), which 'gasometer" is the chamber 1.

driving the discharge feed worms 65. Located to one side of the gas chamber 1' is a centrifugal fan blower 75 a suction filled with chlorin gas. The suction pipe 7 6 has a branch 77 connected to the bottom of also connected with the gasometerand has the branch pipe 77 are provided with gate around a pulley 85' carried by the'blower 75 ianda pulley 86 carried ,by the idle shaft; 17

so'that power from the engine 21 may also: be utilized for operating'the blower'fanJ Doors 87 are provided so that access may over the cloth uniformly. 'bevelgears 68. The bevel gears 68 mesh The discharge pipe 78' is filled. valves 82 and 83. Blower fan is driven; by means of a belt. 84, which belt extends "be had-to-the interior OfFtllG apparatus for repair and clean out purposes, the number ofdoors being'increased 'or diminished according to the size of the .apparatus.- It may also be understood that the doorsymay be located in any place desired.

Theoperation of the bleaching mechanism is as follows. The doors '87 are closed so that the chamber 1 will be airtight. V The cutofl' valves 62 and6 are thenclosed. Then the valve 80 upon the suction pipe 76v is "opened, also the valve 81 upon the branch pipe 79 is opened. The valve 83 'upon the branch'pipe 87 is closed also the valve 82 carried by the pipe .7 8. The engine being started the elevator "2 will begin to discharge the material to be bleached into the hoppers '4. The valves '6 are then opened,

care beingtaken'thatff the worms .9 are kept covered with raw material so as to closeithe oylindricalends 5 of the hoppers 4 and prevent the escape of gas fronithe chamber 1. The fan*7:5 drawsthe gas from the gasomued in-operation until the presence of chlorin gas appears at the discharge hoppers '48, at which time the fan is stopped and valves 80 andSl are closed. The material discharged from the hoppers 4 by means of the worms 9, falls upon" the conveyer 10,

which conveyer is made of cloth, which 26 by means of the inclined plate 49, which carries the'same in the direction of the arrows (1. As many eonveyersmaybe used as desired, however, three have been found to give good results and it has been found that a uniform speed is suflicient for bleaching materia lf'I-lowever, it is to be understood that the conveyers may be so geared that they will move at differentspeeds Itwill be seen that the whole of the conveyers become covered with the material, which material is fully eXpos'ed to the action of. the chlorin 'gas, with which the chamber 1 is W hen the material'reaches the discharge end of the lower level, if the bleaching has not then been carried far enough themachinery' may be stopped, the cutoff valves 6 ,closed' and the bleaching continued until sufii'cie'ntly advanced to admit of discharge through the hoppers .48. For this purpose ete'rthrough thesuction pipe" 76 and discharges it into the chamber 1 through the branch pipe 77 and the fan must be contin- .materialonto the conveyers 63 for delivery.

to awasher.

admit of loss of very little gas. 1, -material is all-discharged from the chamber n1, thevalves 83 and 82 should-be opened, valves 80and 81 closed, the fan started so the machinery is started as soon as the hoppers 48' are'full and the cutoff valves 62 are opened. The worms 65. will discharge the The operation of the worms 9 and 65 if kept covered with material will When the 1 that any gas remaining in chamber 1 will be withdrawn and returned to the gasom- 'eter;

. be in a'loose fibrous condition, moist freewill be seen that a machine will be provided 1 The materials to. be bleached should from acids or'alkalis. 1 From the above it wherein'material maybe bleached, or, more perfect-bleaching ofraw materialzattained. It will also be seen that there will be a savbleaching process may be a continuous one 7 ing-from waste of fiber whichfresults from.

the use-of chlorid of lime, and theability to bleach some materials which cannot be. bleached by chlorid of lime, such for ina stance as straw pulp. It'will also be seen.

that an apparatus is provided wherein the or an intermittent one if so desired.

The apparatus asfar as possible may be i made of concreteor wood. Where made of wood, the wood is preferably protected by a coating of paraflin. All of the parts of the apparatus which are made ofmetal are 7 preferably treated by what is known as the Parker, process, .which will render them non-corrosiveby chloringas.

The Parker processis a process covered by Letters Patent No. 1,215,463, dated Febfruary 13, 1917 ,and issued to William H. Allen and. assigned to the Parker Rustproofi Company of America doing business at Detroit, Mich.

The invention having beenset forth what is claimed as new and useful is 1. A pulp bleaching apparatus compr slng a chamber, conveyers located in said chamber, said conveyers moving in opposite directions, means for filling said chamber with a bleaching gas and means for. feeding pulp ontosaid conveyers and re-.

moving said pulp from the bleaching chamber in such'a manner that the pulp forms a seal for preventing escape ofthe bleaching,

as. p i 2. A pulp bleaching apparatus comprising a chamber, means for filling said cham-: ber with gas as desired, superlmposed conveyers working in opposite directions to- 6 each other and disposed in the chamber, feed into a hopper, and means whereby the mate-- hoppers for feeding the material onto the upper conveyer, means whereby the material 1 will be fed from one conveyer to the other,

the lower conveyer discharging the material nia'l as it enters and leaves the chamber will forma seal for preventing escape of the bleaching gas. 7

A pulp bleaching apparatus comprising a chamber, means for filling said chamber with gas and removing the gas from the chamber as desired, superimposed conveyers disposedin the chamber and working in opposite directions, hoppers disposed over the end of the upper conveyer, feeding worms disposed in said hoppers, hoppers disposed adjacent the discharge end of the lower conveyer, feeding worms disposed in said discharge hoppers for controlling the dischargeof the material, and means for operating the above mentioned mechanisms.

4:. A pulp bleaching apparatus comprising a chamber, means for filling said cham- -be'rrwith gas and removing the gas fromthe chamber as deslred, superimposed conveyers disposed'in the chambers and working in opposite directions to each other, hoppers disposed over the end of the upper conveyer, feeding worms disposed in said hoppers, hoppers disposed adj acent the discharge end of the lower conveyer, feeding worms in said hoppers for controlling the discharge of the material from the chamber, said feed worms also, forming a sealing means for preventing the=escape of gas from the chamber at the intake or discharge ends, and means for operating the above mentioned mechanisms.

.5. Appulp bleachin apparatus compris ring a chamber for t e reception'of gas,

means for filling said chamber with and removing the same therefrom as desired, superimposed conveyers disposed in the chamber and working in opposite directions to each other,-v.hoppers disposed over the upper conveyer, feed worms disposed in said hoppers for feeding thematerial onto the upper conveyer, discharge hoppers disposed belowfthe' discharge end of the lower con- .veyer, feed worms in said discharge hoppers,'sa1d feed worms also forming means whereby the intake and discharge ends will besealed so as to prevent the escape of gas from the chamber, and means for operating the above mentioned mechanisms from a single source of power 6. A pulp bleaching apparatus for bleaching material as it passes over movable conveyers in an air tight gas chamber, hoppers in communication wlth the gas chamber for feeding the material onto the conveyers, and

discharging the same from the-chamber afexposing the pulp to the action of the gas, a feed hopper for feeding the material onto said conveyers, a discharge hopper into which the material after it has been subject to the action of the gas is discharged, feeding mechanisms in the hoppers for feeding the material and also forming means for sealing the gas chamber during the intaking and discharging of the pulp.

I 8. A pulp bleaching apparatus for bleachhaving therein chlorin gas, means for pump ing the gas into and out of the chamber as desired, conveyers disposed in said chamber for receiving and exposing the pulp'to the action of the gas during a bleaching operamgr pulp comprising an air tight chamber.

tion, hoppers for feeding the material onto the conveyers and discharging the material from the gas compartment, means in said hoppers for feeding the material through the same, said means also forming means for preventing the escape of the gas from the gas chamber and means for operating the aforesaid mechanism from a single source of power. p

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HARRY ELWOOD ELLIS. Witnesses:

JOHN D. SHAW, WILLIAM DON. 

